The article analyzes the main indicators of the development of investment security and estimates the level of threats to investment security in Russia. The main threats to investment security identified during the analysis include: low rates of renewal of fixed assets, a high degree of depreciation of fixed assets, a decrease in the inflow of foreign direct investment, an increase in the outflow of foreign direct investment, as well as a weakening of scientific, technical and technological potential, which affects investment attractiveness of the country.